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General Studies – 1
Topic: Indian culture will cover the salient aspects of Art Forms, literature and Architecture from ancient to modern times.
1. Explain the continuing relevance of the Buddha’s teachings in today’s world. How can India play a lead role in shaping the discourse around Buddhist issues across the world? (150 words)
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu , Insights on India
Why the question:
There is much significance to India having hosted a two-day global Buddhist summit in New Delhi which was organised by the Ministry of Culture in collaboration with the International Buddhist Confederation.
Key Demand of the question:
To write the about the relevance of Buddha’s teachings and role India can play in shaping Buddhist discourse.
Directive:
Explain – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the particular context. You must be defining key terms where ever appropriate, and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
In the introduction, given brief of major aspects of Buddha’s teachings.
Body:
First, Explain the detail that Buddhism proposes a way of thinking about ethics based on the assumption that all sentient beings want to avoid pain. Thus, the Buddha teaches that an action is good if it leads to freedom from suffering. Mention the Do No Harm principle, Compassion, Justice and Accountability etc which the Buddhist philosophy emphasises.
Next, mention the ways India can engage in shaping Buddhist discourse across the world
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising.
Topic: Modern Indian history from about the middle of the eighteenth century until the present- significant events, personalities, issues.
2. The reform movements had a broad focus beyond just religion and aimed to improve society as a whole. They presented a vision of a prosperous, modern India that was ultimately adopted by the Indian National Movement. Analyse. (250 words)
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about how reforms movement were aimed at India society as whole and how they got integrated with the mainstream national movement.
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by mentioning that the reform movement was a holistic socio-religious reform movement aimed revitalising our society and religion.
Body:
Elaborate on features such as the movement focussed on aspects such as to bring in an enlightened society, removal of superstition, to establish a democratic society, to promote rationality and scientific temper etc. Mention steps taken by reforms to achieve these.
In religious aspects mention the steps that were taken by various reforms to reform the major religions.
Conclusion:
Conclude by saying that the same approach was carried forward by the national movement and was included in the vision of independent India.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources.
3. The initiative of implementing a national tele-mental health program is a positive action towards closing the loopholes in mental health care in the country. However, the program’s effectiveness in reaching a broad population and diminishing the negative attitudes surrounding mental illnesses in the community will determine its triumph. Examine. (250 words)
Difficulty level: Moderate.
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 2.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the national tele-mental health programme and the need to destigmatise mental health for its success.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving an overview of mental health set up in India and trends in mental health disorders.
Body:
First, write about the national tele-mental health programme, its features and the potential benefits from it.
Next, write about the need to reach masses and destigmatise mental disorders in the society – mention the steps that must be taken in this regard – creating awareness, accessible treatment, promoting well-being, harnessing AYUSH etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward of measures needed to further strengthen mental health in India.
Topic: Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests.
4. Discuss the key outcomes of the new “Quad” meeting held between India, the United States, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates, with a focus on infrastructure initiatives in the Gulf region. What significance does India’s increasing engagement with the new “Quad hold for its presence in the region? (250 words)
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: The Hindu ,Insights on India
Why the question:
The article reports that India’s National Security Adviser, Ajit Doval, participated in a Quad meeting with the United States, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates to discuss infrastructure initiatives in the Gulf region.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the key outcomes of new “Quad” and its significance for India.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context of new “Quad”.
Body:
First, write about the major outcomes of the new “Quad” – energy, transportation, and digital infrastructure, with a particular emphasis on promoting sustainable development.
Next, write about the significance of new “Quad” for India and its geopolitical interests in the region.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Major crops-cropping patterns in various parts of the country, – different types of irrigation and irrigation systems storage, transport and marketing of agricultural produce and issues and related constraints; e-technology in the aid of farmers.
5. The role of Farmers Producers Organisations (FPOs) is crucial in promoting sustainable, income-oriented farming practices by utilizing efficient and cost-effective methods to increase productivity. Discuss. (250 words)
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Down to Earth , Insights on India
Why the question:
The article discusses the issues and shortcomings with the current agricultural marketing process in India, particularly with regards to contract farming.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the role of Farmers Producers Organisations (FPO’s) in improving farmer incomes.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by explaining what FPOs are.
Body:
First, mention the need for FPO’s – Factors like poor supply chain management, lack of modernization, and the declining average size of farm holdings are some of the reasons for agrarian distress. Moreover, these factors affect the small farmers to a bigger magnitude.
Next, Discuss the benefits emanating from FPO – enhance the farmers’ economic strength and market linkages for improving their income, increasing procurement efficacy, increasing awareness level of farmer etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude with way forward by mentioning FPO’s as a way to double farmers income.
Topic: Role of external state and non-state actors in creating challenges to internal security
6. Maoist insurgency continues to pose a threat in some parts of India, despite efforts to curb their activities. The government should focus on addressing the root causes of the Maoist movement, such as poverty and social inequality, rather than relying solely on military force. Comment. (250 words)
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu , Insights on India
Why the question:
On April 26, 10 personnel of the District Reserve Guard (DRG) and a civilian driver were killed in a blast, which the police said was caused by an Improvised Explosive Device (IED) planted by Maoists, near Aranpur village in Dantewada, Chhattisgarh.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the challenges posed by Maoism and government’s counter-insurgency measures but the need for further vigil and action to successfully overcome it.
Directive word:
Comment– here we must express our knowledge and understanding of the issue and form an overall opinion thereupon.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by citing stats about the trends of Maoism and Maoist violence.
Body:
First, write the about the challenges posed by Maoist insurgency to internal security of India. Write how the Naxalist movement still remains a potent threat to the internal security of India in the various ways. Cite examples and data to substantiate your points.
Next, write about various measures taken by the government to tackle Maoist violence, successes and limitations of the same.
Next, suggest various measures that are further required to tackle this issue.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward on taking a multi-pronged approach to defeat Maoism.
General Studies – 4
Topic: Aptitude and foundational values for Civil Service, integrity, impartiality and non-partisanship, objectivity, dedication to public service, empathy, tolerance and compassion towards the weaker-sections.
7. Integrity is a crucial moral virtue that is foundational to building good character. It helps us establish trust and reliability in our interactions with others, cultivates self-respect and self-esteem, and guides us to act in accordance with our values and principles. Substantiate. (150 words)
Difficulty level: Easy
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Conceptual Tuesdays’ in Mission-2023 Secure.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about how Integrity is at the core of good character.
Directive word:
Substantiate – When you are asked to Substantiate, you must pass a sound judgement about the truth of the given statement in the question or the topic based on evidence. You must appraise the worth of the statement in question using suitable case studies or/ and examples.
Introduction:
Begin by defining what is Integrity and any relevant quote is possible.
Body:
Mention how integrity boosts the moral values such as honesty, fairness, decency etc that boosts one’s moral character and contributes to an ethical system. Use examples to support the argument.
Also, write about how with having Integrity as foundational value, we can add more virtues for ethical development.
Conclusion:
Mention that it further boosts self-awareness of individuals and aids for a just society.
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