CBSE/ AHSEC

CLASS 12 BIOLOGY

The class 12 Biology syllabus is divided into several chapters, each of which covers a specific topic in detail. The chapters included in the class 12 Biology syllabus are:

  1. Reproduction in Organisms: This chapter covers the various modes of reproduction in organisms and their significance.
  2. Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants: This chapter explains the reproductive structures of flowering plants and the process of pollination and fertilization.
  3. Human Reproduction: This chapter covers the reproductive system in humans, including the male and female reproductive organs, gametogenesis, and fertilization.
  4. Reproductive Health: This chapter focuses on various aspects of reproductive health, including contraception, sexually transmitted infections, and infertility.
  5. Principles of Inheritance and Variation: This chapter explains the principles of inheritance and the laws of inheritance proposed by Gregor Mendel.
  6. Molecular Basis of Inheritance: This chapter covers the molecular basis of inheritance, including the structure and function of DNA and RNA.
  7. Evolution: This chapter explains the theory of evolution, the evidence for evolution, and the process of speciation.
  8. Human Health and Disease: This chapter covers various diseases and their causes, prevention, and control measures.
  9. Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production: This chapter focuses on various strategies used to enhance food production, such as plant breeding, animal husbandry, and biotechnology.
  10. Microbes in Human Welfare: This chapter explains the beneficial and harmful effects of microbes and their application in various fields such as medicine, agriculture, and industry.
  11. Biotechnology: Principles and Processes: This chapter covers the principles of biotechnology and the various techniques used in biotechnology.
  12. Biotechnology and its Applications: This chapter focuses on the various applications of biotechnology in fields such as agriculture, medicine, and industry.
  13. Organisms and Populations: This section covers the study of individual organisms and populations, including population growth and regulation, population distribution and dispersion, and population interactions.
  14. Ecosystems: This section covers the study of ecosystems, including their structure, function, and components. It explains the concepts of food chains, food webs, and trophic levels, and the cycling of energy and nutrients in ecosystems.
  15. Biodiversity and Conservation: This section covers the study of biodiversity, its importance, and the threats to biodiversity. It also covers the different strategies and techniques used for the conservation and management of biodiversity.
  16. Environmental Issues: This section covers various environmental issues, including pollution, global warming, and climate change. It also discusses the different measures taken to mitigate the impact of these environmental issues.
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